Ultimate Guide to the Mississippi Gulf Coast: Living, Tourism & Economy

Last updated on March 19th, 2025 at 03:46 pm

Geography

The Mississippi Gulf Coast spans from the eastern border with Louisiana to the western border with Alabama, encompassing Hancock, Harrison, and Jackson counties. To the south, these counties meet the Gulf of America, forming a coastal region rich in history, culture, and natural beauty.

The total land area of the Mississippi Gulf Coast is 2,572 square miles, with individual county sizes as follows:

• Hancock County – 553 square miles
• Harrison County – 976 square miles
• Jackson County – 1,043 square miles

Beyond its landmass, the Mississippi Gulf Coast features 62 miles of shoreline and an extensive network of waterways. Major rivers include the Pascagoula, Biloxi, Tchoutacabouffa, Pearl, and Jordan, along with numerous smaller rivers and bayous. The Biloxi Back Bay is the region’s largest inland body of water. Over 40 miles of shoreline are composed of white sand beaches studded with convenience facilities and are open 24/7.

The largest city on the Mississippi Gulf Coast is Gulfport, followed by Biloxi, both located in Harrison County. Other key cities include Pascagoula, the county seat of Jackson County, and Bay St. Louis, the county seat of Hancock County.

Barrier Islands

Several barrier islands lie just offshore, acting as natural protectors for the coastline and serving as recreational destinations:

• Ship Island – Home to Fort Massachusetts, a historic pre-Civil War fort.
• Horn Island, Cat Island, and Petit Bois Island are known for their pristine beaches and abundant wildlife.
• Deer Island – Located near Biloxi, it offers free camping opportunities.

History

The Mississippi Gulf Coast was first explored by Europeans in 1699 when French explorer Pierre Le Moyne d’Iberville arrived on the shores of what is now Ocean Springs. Sent by the French crown to establish a presence in the Gulf of Mexico, d’Iberville and his expedition founded Fort Maurepas, the first permanent European settlement in the region.

The French maintained control of the area until 1763 when the British took over as part of the Treaty of Paris. Spain briefly ruled the region before the United States acquired it in 1810, integrating it into the Mississippi Territory.

Throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, the Gulf Coast thrived as a hub for shipbuilding, seafood harvesting, and timber industries. The arrival of railroads and later, the development of casinos and tourism, transformed the region into a major economic and cultural center of the South.

Hurricane Katrina in 2005 caused widespread devastation, but the Mississippi Gulf Coast has since rebuilt, modernizing its infrastructure while preserving its historic charm.

Population

The Mississippi Gulf Coast has experienced significant population growth over time:

• Jackson County:
  • Population (2023 estimate): 146,389
  • Population in 1890: 1,682
  • Largest growth period: 1960
  • Population density: 150 people per square mile
• Harrison County (the most populous county on the Gulf Coast):
  • Population (2023 estimate): 210,612
  • Population in 1850: 4,875
  • Largest growth period: 1900 (highest percentage increase)
  • Population density: 380 people per square mile
• Hancock County:
  • Population (2023 estimate): 46,159
  • Population in 1820: 1,594
  • Largest growth period: 1880
  • Fastest growth rate: 41.1% increase in 1980 compared to 1970

Culture

The Mississippi Gulf Coast boasts a unique blend of Cajun, Creole, and Southern influences, shaped by Spanish, French, and African American heritage. The region is deeply rooted in Roman Catholic and Baptist traditions, reflecting the predominant Christian presence.

Parades and events are held regularly. Christmas parades and light shows are offered to the public, and Boat parades and July 4th celebrations are well attended.

Mardi Gras is one of the region’s most celebrated traditions, with parades and festivities taking place in every major city along the coast, culminating on Ash Wednesday.

The area’s food culture is among the most distinct in the U.S., featuring seafood, Creole flavors, and Southern-style cooking. Fishing plays a vital role in both the economy and lifestyle, with Gulf waters yielding billfish, shrimp, blue crab, and oysters. Many residents own boats, and waterfront homes often include piers and boathouses.

Politically, the Mississippi Gulf Coast leans conservative, with Republicans outnumbering Democrats significantly, though there are Democratic-majority pockets. The region falls within Mississippi’s 2nd Congressional District, historically represented by Republicans.

Economy

The Mississippi Gulf Coast’s economy is diverse and largely stable, supported by industries such as:

• Shipbuilding, oil refining, and port shipping
• Tourism and casinos
• The U.S. military, with two major training bases
• Healthcare, including multiple hospitals and VA facilities
• Stennis Space Center, which supports NASA and other government agencies

The hospitality industry is the most cyclical sector, thriving during summer beach seasons and attracting “snowbirds” in the winter. Casinos operate year-round, drawing visitors for gaming, concerts, and conventions.

Agriculture also contributes to the local economy, primarily in the northern parts of the coastal counties.

Transportation

The Mississippi Gulf Coast is well-connected by a network of highways, air travel, and local transit services:

• Interstate 10 (I-10) – The primary east-west highway, running through the entire Mississippi Gulf Coast and connecting it to New Orleans to the west and Mobile, Alabama to the east.
• U.S. Highway 90 – A scenic coastal highway running parallel to the Gulf, stretching from New Orleans through the Mississippi Gulf Coast to Mobile. Much of it runs along the beach, providing picturesque views of the coastline.
• State Highways – Several north-south highways connect coastal towns to inland Mississippi.
• Gulfport-Biloxi International Airport (GPT) – The primary airport in the region, offering flights from major carriers.
• Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport (MSY) – Located in New Orleans, this serves as a convenient alternative airport with a wider selection of flights.
• Public and Private Transportation – Local bus services are available, along with rideshare options like Uber and Lyft, providing convenient access throughout the region.

Lodging

The Mississippi Gulf Coast offers a wide range of accommodations, from casino-connected hotels and beachfront resorts to vacation rentals and secluded retreats.

Visitors can choose from:

• Casino hotels – Many of the major casinos in Biloxi and Gulfport offer luxury accommodations with direct access to gaming, fine dining, and entertainment.
• Beachfront hotels and resorts – These provide stunning views of the Gulf and easy access to sandy shores.
• Vacation rentals – A popular option for families and groups, including:
  • Beach condos with scenic views
  • Bayou houses, perfect for fishing and water activities
  • Secluded riverfront cabins, ideal for a quiet retreat

Vacation rentals are especially popular during spring break and summer months, attracting families and tourists looking for a home-away-from-home experience.

Restaurants

The Mississippi Gulf Coast is home to hundreds of restaurants, offering a variety of dining experiences, from beachfront eateries with stunning Gulf views to hidden gems along quiet bayous.

While Cajun, Creole, and Southern cuisine dominate the food scene, the area is also rich in ethnic diversity, with a wide selection of Greek, Thai, Indian, and other international flavors.

Most restaurants are family-owned and operated, preserving the region’s unique hospitality and charm. Fresh seafood is a staple, with locally caught shrimp, oysters, and fish featured daily on menus across the coast.

Whether you’re craving fried seafood platters, gumbo, po’boys, or gourmet international dishes, the Mississippi Gulf Coast offers something for every palate.

Housing

As of February 2025, median home prices on the Mississippi Gulf Coast were:

• Harrison County: $208,300
• Jackson County: $255,000
• Hancock County: $325,000

Hurricane Katrina in 2005 destroyed many beachfront properties, but rebuilding efforts have been strong, with significant development in coastal areas over the past several years.

In addition to existing homes, several national and local builders are actively constructing new residential communities to accommodate the area’s steady population growth.

The Mississippi Gulf Coast attracts homebuyers from across the country, particularly from colder Northern Tier states, as well as military personnel and shipyard employees, who provide a consistent demand for housing. Want to see what is available check this website

Mississippi Gulf Coast Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

General Information

1. Where is the Mississippi Gulf Coast located?
   The Mississippi Gulf Coast is in the southern part of the state, along the Gulf of Mexico, stretching from Waveland to Pascagoula.
2. What cities are part of the Mississippi Gulf Coast?
   Major cities include Bay St. Louis, Waveland, Pass Christian, Long Beach, Gulfport, Biloxi, D’Iberville, Ocean Springs, Gautier, and Pascagoula.
3. What is the climate like on the Mississippi Gulf Coast?
   The region has a humid subtropical climate, with hot, humid summers and mild winters. Hurricane season runs from June through November.

Tourism & Attractions

4. What are some must-visit attractions on the Mississippi Gulf Coast?
   Popular attractions include Beau Rivage Casino, Ship Island, the Biloxi Lighthouse, the Mississippi Aquarium, and the Infinity Science Center.
5. Are there beaches on the Mississippi Gulf Coast?
   Yes, the coastline has 26 miles of sandy beaches, with some of the calmest waters due to the barrier islands.
6. What outdoor activities are available?
   Visitors can enjoy fishing, boating, kayaking, golfing, and exploring state parks like Buccaneer State Park and the Gulf Islands National Seashore.
7. Is the Mississippi Gulf Coast family-friendly?
   Yes! Families can visit attractions like the Lynn Meadows Discovery Center, and Ocean Adventures Marine Park, and take dolphin-watching tours.

Food & Dining

8. What is the local cuisine like?
   The Gulf Coast is known for its seafood, particularly shrimp, oysters, and crab. Southern and Cajun influences are also prevalent.
9. What are the best seafood restaurants in the area?
   Popular seafood spots include The Chimneys, Taranto’s Crawfish, The Reef, and Mary Mahoney’s Old French House.

Casinos & Entertainment

10. Are there casinos on the Mississippi Gulf Coast?
    Yes, Biloxi and Gulfport are home to several casinos, including Beau Rivage, Hard Rock, Island View, and Harrah’s Gulf Coast.
11. What kind of nightlife is available?
    The Gulf Coast offers bars, nightclubs, live music venues, and entertainment at casino resorts.

History & Culture

12. What historical sites can I visit?
    Notable historical sites include Beauvoir (Jefferson Davis’ last home), Fort Massachusetts on Ship Island, and the Ohr-O’Keefe Museum of Art.
13. Does the Mississippi Gulf Coast have any annual festivals?
    Yes! Popular events include Cruisin’ the Coast, the Peter Anderson Arts Festival, and Mardi Gras celebrations.

Travel & Living

14. How do I get to the Mississippi Gulf Coast?
    The Gulfport-Biloxi International Airport (GPT) offers flights, and Interstate 10 provides easy road access.
15. Is the Mississippi Gulf Coast a good place to live?
    Yes, it’s known for its affordable cost of living, beautiful scenery, and friendly communities, making it popular for retirees and families.

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Articles and references

The Best Coast for Military Retirees and Veterans

Old Fort Bayou: The other part of the Mississippi Gulf Coast

The best conservative Cities (Mississippi Gulf Coast)

The best yacht clubs in the South Join Now

Best places now to live on the Gulf Coast

Why you need to retire on the Mississippi Gulf Coast

Life can be a beach on the Mississippi Gulf Coast

Retire by the beach on Social Security Alone

Authors notes: Please check back periodically, there are so many areas covered in this article that it must be updated frequently. Since our first writing a few years ago, the population in two counties grew an one contacted. Many more restaurants were built and thousands of houses have been added. It’s a truly dynamic area.